• • The coming of Prophet Muhammad
  The Prophet s.a.w. said that his coming and that of the Last Day would be as close together as his two fingers. If the age of mankind is considered like a day, then he would have come in the late afternoon.
• • The death of Prophet Muhammad
  With the death of the Prophet s.a.w., the hearts of the people changed. This is how it was felt by his companions when they buried him.
• • The conquest of Jerusalem
  This occurred under the second Caliph, Umar bin Khattab r.a. When the people of Jerusalem saw Umar Khattab coming, they wept as they realised the simplicity and humility of the Caliph!
• • Wealth will increase
  Wealth will increase in such a way that if a man is given 100 dinars, he will not be satisfied with it. This sign is one of those where it is not known whether it has already come to pass or will come to pass, because wealth has already increased greatly in the past. The Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz, for example, was given alms from North Africa that were actually due to the poor. But there were no more poor people in North Africa! However, this sign can also refer to the awaiting Mahdi, who will distribute money without counting it, or also to the coming of the Messiah. During this time, a man will try to pay zaqat and will find no one willing to accept it.
• • Death of thousands of Muslims by a plague
  Believed to be the outbreak of plague in Amwas (Palestine) at the time Umar r.a. was Caliph.
• • Times of temptations and severe trials (fitan)
  A man will wake up in the morning as a Muslim and be a disbeliever in the evening or go to sleep in the evening as a Muslim and wake up as a disbeliever. People sell their religion cheaply for worldly possessions. The Prophet s.a.w. pointed to the east and said that (much) fitnah came from the east (e.g. misguided sects, the Mongols, Dajjal, Gog and Magog etc.) Caliph Umar was the door that shut out fitnah. When the door broke (the death of Umar), the Fitnah began. The first Fitnah was the murder of Caliph Uthman.
• • Two large groups of Muslims will fight each other
  Even though they are fighting for the same cause. Probably the war Jamal and Siffin is meant, where Ali r.a. fought against Aisha r.a. and Muawija r.a. Both groups wanted to bring the murderers of Uthman r.a., the fourth caliph, to justice, but Ali r.a. demanded that Muawija give him Bai'at beforehand to preserve the unity of the Ummah and prevent fitnah, which Muawija refused.
• • The death of Hussein r.a.
  The grandson of the Prophet s.a.w., and many of his relatives at Kerbala. One of the darkest chapters of Islam!
• • Great Battle of Medinah
  Probably the Battle of Al-Harrah in the time of Caliph Yazid in 63 Hijrah.
• • 30 self-proclaimed prophets appear (Dajjalun)
  This refers to those who had/have a considerable number of followers such as Musaylimah al-Kadhdhaab (the Liar), Al-Aswad al-'Ansi and Sajaah al-Kaahinah. In the times of the Taabi'ies, Al-Mukhtaar al-Thaqafi appeared and claimed to be a prophet. About a century ago, there was a man in Iran named Husayn ibn 'Ali ibn al-Mirza Abbaas who claimed to be a Prophet. He became known as Baha'ullah and his followers are known as Baha'is. Among those who claimed prophethood in Southeast Asia today is Mirza Ghulam Ahmad from Qadiyan, Punjab, India. His followers are known as Qadiyanies and Ahmadis. Lies in religion will increase.
• • The spread of peace
  Specifically Yemen and Iraq is mentioned. This happened in the early years of Islam and will occur again with the coming of the Messiah.
• • The conquest of Persia and India
• • A great fire will occur in the Hijaz
  Which will be seen as far as Basra (Palestine). Happened so in an eruption of a volcano near Medinah in 654 Hijrah, so reported by Nawawi.
• • War with people with reddish skin colour
  With clothes and shoes made of hair, with narrow eyes. This is believed to be the invasion of the Mongols.
• • The first conquest of Constantinople
  By Muhammad al-Fatih in 1453.
• • No more trust!
  Leadership positions are given to people who are not fit for it and abuse their position.
• • "The pen will prevail."
  This means everything written including books, newspapers, internet etc. In fact, for 500 years written things have been multiplying continuously.
• • Religious knowledge will disappear
  And ignorance will prevail. Knowledge will be taken away by the death of the (true) scholars. People will then take others as religious leaders who give fatwas without knowledge and lead others astray.
• • Poor and illiterate camel herders will compete to erect tall buildings
  (see Dubai).
• • The slave girl will give birth to her master
  Can be interpreted to mean that children will become so disobedient and disrespectful that parents will become servants to their children.
• • Alcoholic beverages will be consumed in large quantities
• • Marriage between people of the same sex
• • Widespread extramarital sex
  The Prophet s.a.w. said that if this were the case, diseases would appear that would not have existed before (see AIDS). At the end of time, Judgment Day will reach the worst of people who copulate like donkeys without hiding from the eyes of others.
• • People will prefer to raise a child of a dog than a child of their own
• • Riba (interest, usury) will spread
  The dust of riba would be on everything. Riba is one of the two sins that will result in a declaration of war from Allah. On the Last Day, one will be given weapons and told, "Now fight with Allah!"
• • The jizyah and khiraaj
  The jizyah (protection tax) paid by the Ahl adh-Dhimmah (Jews and Christians living under Islamic law) to the Islamic State, and the khiraaj (harvest taxes paid by the people using the land conquered by the Muslims).
• • Entrusted property will be misappropriated
• • Mosques will be magnificently built and decorated
  People will brag about the beautiful mosques, but the mosques will be empty: empty of worshippers and the guidance of Allah!
• • Earthquakes will increase
• • Kinship ties will be broken
• • A Fitnah will invade every Arab home
  (Maybe television and smartphone?).
• • The infidels will gather and loot the wealth of Muslims
  Like people gather around a platter to eat from it.
• • Love for this world and fear of death
• • Women imitate men and men imitate women
• • People from far away become near of kin and near of kin spread far
• • Time will pass quickly
  A year will be like a month, a month like a week, a week like a day and a day like an hour. One interpretation is that the blessing of time will pass and one will get much less done. Or that people feel this way, for example, because of an increasingly hectic lifestyle. Another interpretation is that through modern communication methods and means of transport, something that used to take months can be done in minutes.
• • Sounds (musical instruments / music) and temptations will spread
• • Markets will be close together
  In the past, there was only one weekly market in a village. Nowadays there are supermarkets almost everywhere, open around the clock.
• • A wide spread of trade
  In fact, nowadays, e.g. through ebay, trading has become a thing that almost everyone does.
• • The number of policemen / security personnel will increase
  They leave under the wrath of Allah and they return under the wrath of Allah. They have sticks in their hands like cow tails with which they beat people (batons).
• • Women will be clothed but naked
• • Bloodshed will increase
  To the extent that the murderer will not know why he killed, and the murdered will not know why he was killed (think school rampages).
• • People will use new means of transport
  With "very wide seats". A car has certainly a much wider seat than a camel.
• • Sudden death will be common
  Like heart attack, stroke etc., so many diseases caused by "modern" (i.e. sedentary) lifestyle or even corona vaccination.
• • Islam began as something strange and is becoming something strange again
  Therefore, good news to the strangers!
• • People will sell their religion at a cheap price
• • False witness will increase
• • People will gather for prayer but will not find anyone to lead the prayer
• • "Salam" will only be given to those known
• • The rise of the "lowly"
  A reversal of the social order: a truthful person is not believed, but a liar! A trustworthy person is not trusted, but one who abuses trust! The insignificant (in the religious sense) will have the say. Respect, honour and power will belong to those of bad character. Look around you!
• • Someone passing by someone else's grave will wish to be in his place
• • Animals and objects will speak
  Most scholars assume that this will really happen because there are reports from the time of the Prophet s.a.w. where this is said to have been the case. But it could also be that this means cartoons and mobile phones, for example.
• • Dreams of a true believer will be true
  It is the last part of prophethood that remains.
• • The river Euphrates will reveal a treasure of gold
  Many will die, fighting each other, hoping to gain control over it. Out of 100 people, 99 will die. If one should be present at that time, one should not take any of the gold.

• • The coming of the Mahdi a.s.
  A descendant from the family of Muhammad s.a.w., his name will be that of the Prophet s.a.w. - Muhammad bin Abdullah. He will become leader of the Muslims.
• • Great war between Muslims and Rome (Europeans)
  The Europeans fight under 80 flags. In this war, one third of Muslims will flee (and Allah will never accept their repentance), one third will become martyrs (and they are the best of the martyrs) and one third will be victorious (and they will never deviate from the right path thereafter).
• • The destruction of Medinah
• • The number of men will decrease
  The number of women will increase, until there are fifty (or forty) women for every man.
• • The conquest of Constantinople and Rome
  By descendants of the Prophet Isaac, i.e. Jews (see "The Black Flags of Khorasan").
• • Appearance of Al-Maseh ad-Dajjal
  With all possible attributes of deceit and enticements, who will become the greatest temptation in the history of mankind. He is accompanied by 70,000 Jews from Isfahan (Iran). He himself has a number of signs that can already be seen, which is why it is assumed that he is both a system and a person.
• • The appearance of the Messiah a.s.
  In Damascus at the time of the morning prayer. He will pray behind the Imam (al-Mahdi).
• • Great war
  Between Muslims (including Jews and Christians who become Muslims at the appearance of the Messiah) against the Jews and the rest of the infidels who are the followers of the Dajjal.
• • Jesus will kill the Dajjal
  Near the entrance to Ludd (the city of Lod in modern Israel, where there is currently an airport and a large military base).
• • Jesus will break the cross
  i.e. destroy false Christianity.
• • Appearance of the tribes of Gog and Magog
  And the accompanying catastrophes.
• • Time of great peace
  In the remaining lifetime of Jesus, where children play with snakes and wolves herd the goats.
• • The Arabian Peninsula becomes green again
  Like a garden with rivers running through it. Scientists have now discovered that Arabia really did have rivers and hippos at one time.
• • Appearance of a talking beast from the earth
• • Society begins to break down
• • Women of the Daus tribe from Yemen
  Will begin to gyrate their hips and perform tawaf (walking around) around the idol Zul-Khulsah.
• • Three great earthquakes (or earth subsidence)
  One in the East, one in the West and one in Arabia.
• • The ruler of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) with weak legs
  (Zul-Zuwakatain) will destroy the Kaaba.
• • Great clouds of smoke
• • The sun rises in the west
• • There is no city which Allah will not destroy
  Before the Day of Resurrection or on which He will not inflict a severe punishment.
• • Rise of a breeze
  That will take the souls of the believers. No one will be left on earth who was accustomed to say, "Allah, Allah", or, "There is no god but Allah (La ilaha illallah)".
• • The angel Israfil will blow his trumpet for the first time
• • After that, all will be resurrected

"They ask thee about the Hour, When will be its appointed time? Wherein art thou (concerned) with the declaration thereof? With thy Lord is the Limit fixed therefore. Thou art but a Warner for such as fear it. The Day they will see it, (it will be) as if they had tarried but a single evening, or (at most till) the following morn!"

"They ask thee about the (final) Hour - when will be its appointed time? Say: 'The knowledge thereof is with my Lord (alone): none but He can reveal as to when it will occur. Heavy were its burden through the heavens and the earth. Only, all of a sudden will it come to you.' They ask thee as if thou were eager in search thereof: say: 'The knowledge thereof is with Allah (alone), but most men know not.'"

(Al-Nazi'at 79:42-46, Al-A'raf 7:187)

"The Hour (of Judgment) is nigh, and the moon is cleft asunder."

The Prophet (sallallahu alayhe wa sallam) said, whilst pointing with his index and middle fingers, "The time of my advent and the Hour are like these two fingers." In another report he said, "The Hour almost came before me."

(Al-Qamar 54:1, Bukhari, Muslim)

"Closer and closer to mankind comes their Reckoning: yet they heed not and they turn away."

"(Inevitable) cometh (to pass) the Command of Allah: seek, ye not then to hasten it."

"Only those wish to hasten it who believe not in it: those who believe hold it in awe, and know that it is the Truth."

(Al-Anbiya' 21:1, Al-Nahl 16:1, Al-Shura 42:18)

"It will surely come to pass. What have you prepared for it?" The man said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have not prepared much in the way of prayer and good works, but I love Allah and His Messenger." The Prophet said, "You will be with those you love."

"Verily the knowledge of the Hour is with Allah (alone). It is He Who sends down rain, and He Who knows what is in the wombs. Nor does anyone know what it is that he will earn on the morrow: Nor does anyone know in what land he is to die. Verily with Allah is full knowledge and He is acquainted (with all things)."

(Luqman 31:34)

"The Prophet stood up one day to speak to us, and told us everything that was going to happen until the Hour, and left nothing unsaid. Some of the listeners learnt it by heart, and some forgot it; these friends of mine learnt it. I do not remember it completely, but sometimes it springs to mind, just as one might remember and recognize the face of a man whom one had forgotten, when one sees him."

(Abu Dawud, Muslim)

"One day the Prophet led us in praying the afternoon prayer (Salat al'Asr). Then he stood and addressed us until sunset. He mentioned everything that was to happen until the Day of Resurrection, and left nothing unsaid. Some of us remembered it, and some of us forgot it. One of the things he said was: 'O people, this world is full of attractive temptations. Allah has appointed you as vicegerents (Khalifah) in this world, and He will see how you will act. So guard yourselves against the temptations of this world and of women' Towards the end of this speech, he said, 'The sun is about to set, and what remains of this world, compared to what has passed, is like what remains of this day compared to what has passed.'"